(Devarim 19:4) "And this is the dvar of the slayer": From here they ruled: If a slayer fled to his city of refuge and the people of that city wished to honor him, he must tell them: "I am a slayer." If they persist, he may accept their homage, (it being written "And this is dvar [lit., "the word"] of the slayer" [i.e., he must tell them "I am a slayer"]). ( Ibid . 6) "Lest the avenger of blood pursue the slayer": This tells me (that he must flee them) only if there is a pursuer and a redeemer. Whence do I derive (the same for an instance) where there is a pursuer but no redeemer, a redeemer but no pursuer, or neither a pursuer or a redeemer? From (the repetition of) "slayer" (verse 4), "slayer" (here), (i.e., in any instance). ( Ibid . 6) "his heart being hot": This tells me only of one (a pursuer) whose heart is "hot." Whence do I derive (the same for) a father pursuing his son or a son pursuing his father? From (the repetition of) "slayer," "slayer." ( Ibid . 4) who shall flee there ": Why is "there" mentioned three times (in the context of the cities of refuge)? There shall be his dwelling; there shall be his death; there shall be his burial. ( Ibid . 4) "one who smites his neighbor ": Why is "his neighbor" mentioned three times (in the context of the cities of refuge)? "his neighbor" — to exclude (from the cities of refuge) others (i.e., gentiles); "his neighbor" — to exclude a sojourning convert; "his neighbor" — even "his neighbor," a father (who killed) his son or a son (who killed) his father. ( Ibid . 4) "not having hated him": But if he had hated him, he is not exiled. ("not having hated him) mitmol shilshom ": " mitmol ": two days; " shilshom ": three days. As R. Yehudah says: What constitutes a "foe"? One with whom he did not converse for three days out of hatred.
Sifrei Devarim 181
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